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What is Cervical Cancer and Why is it Common in India?
Cervical cancer originates in the cervix cells, primarily triggered by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains in 99% of cases, often persisting asymptomatically for years. Other contributors include chronic inflammation, multiple births, long-term oral contraceptive use, HIV immunosuppression, and smoking, which impairs cellular repair. In India, late-stage diagnoses prevail due to low awareness, but Dhanashree Hospital’s gynecology services in PCMC integrate cervical health checkup with routine diagnostics for proactive management .
In India, cervical cancer accounts for a significant percentage of female cancer cases due to:
- Limited access to routine cervical screening
- Low awareness about HPV vaccination
- Social stigma around gynecological health
Early-stage cervical cancer is highly treatable, making preventive screening and awareness programs essential, especially for women above 21 years of age.
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Dr. Rajeev Patwardhan
MS (Ortho) Sr. Orthopedic & Trauma Surgeon
Dr. Apoorva Patwardhan
MS (Ortho) Knee & Shoulder Specialist
Dr. Saloni Patwardhan
M.B.B.S D (Orth) Hand, Trauma & Scar Cosmetic Surgeon
Dr. Rajesh Hingwe
MBBS, DNB Ortho, D (Ortho) Robotic Joint Replacement Surgeon
Dr. Tushar Pisal
M.B.B.S MS (Ortho) Spine Surgeon
Dr. Kanchan Durugkar
MS – Obstetrics & Genecology
Dr. Pratik Ajagekar
M.B.B.S MS (Gen Surg)
Dr. Ashvin Bhalerao
Anesthetist & IntensivistEarly Signs and Symptoms of Cervical Cancer
In its initial stages, cervical cancer may not show noticeable symptoms. This is why routine screening is critical. As the condition progresses, women may experience:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding between periods
- Bleeding after sexual intercourse
- Post-menopausal bleeding
- Persistent pelvic pain
- Pain during urination or intercourse
- Unusual vaginal discharge with foul odour
These symptoms can often be mistaken for infections or hormonal issues. However, any persistent gynecological symptom should prompt immediate evaluation at a well-equipped hospital with advanced diagnostic facilities.
Importance of Cervical Cancer Screening
Regular screening helps detect precancerous changes before they turn into cancer. Women should prioritize routine screening as part of preventive healthcare.
Pap Smear Test
A Pap smear examines cervical cells to detect abnormalities. It is recommended:
- Every 3 years for women aged 21–29
- Every 3–5 years for women aged 30–65 (with HPV testing)
HPV Test
HPV testing identifies high-risk virus strains responsible for cervical cancer. Combined Pap and HPV testing offers higher accuracy and early detection. Accurate screening relies heavily on dependable laboratory infrastructure, which is why access to comprehensive diagnostic center services plays a vital role in early detection and follow-up investigations.
Guidelines recommend starting at 25 with HPV-primary screening in high-burden areas like Pune. Dhanashree’s pathology lab PCMC delivers results in 24 to 48 hours. Source
| Screening Test | Purpose | Recommended Age/Frequency | Accuracy |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Pap Smear |
Cell abnormality detection |
21-65, every 3 years |
70-80% |
|
HPV DNA Test |
Viral strain identification |
30+, every 5 years |
95% |
|
Colposcopy Procedure |
Visual/tissue confirmation |
As needed post-abnormal |
90%+ |
Advanced Diagnostics and Early Intervention
Early diagnosis not only improves survival rates but also reduces the need for aggressive treatments. Imaging tests, biopsies, and lab investigations help determine the stage of cancer and guide further care planning.
In suspected or confirmed cases, coordinated evaluation through multidisciplinary departments ensures timely intervention, reducing complications and improving patient outcomes.
Prevention of Cervical Cancer: What Women Can Do
HPV Vaccination
HPV vaccination is one of the most effective preventive measures against cervical cancer. It protects against the virus strains responsible for the majority of cases and is recommended for adolescent girls and young women.
Lifestyle and Preventive Practices
- Practising safe sex
- Avoiding tobacco use
- Maintaining good personal hygiene
- Strengthening immunity through nutrition and regular exercise
Cervical Cancer Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the stage of cancer, overall health, and age of the patient. Early-stage cervical cancer often requires less invasive treatment, while advanced stages may need a combination of therapies.
Cancer care commonly involves medical management through specialised oncology and chemotherapy services, which focus on personalised treatment plans, symptom management, and long-term follow-up.
In cases where surgical intervention is required , such as removal of abnormal tissue or cancerous growth , experienced teams from general surgery work alongside oncologists to ensure comprehensive care.
Critical Care Support During Advanced Treatment
Some patients may require intensive monitoring due to treatment side effects, infections, or advanced disease stages. During such times, continuous medical supervision through ICU and critical care services becomes essential for stabilisation and recovery.
Prevention, Screening, and Timely Care Save Lives
Cervical cancer is preventable, detectable, and treatable, but only when addressed early. Awareness of symptoms, regular Pap and HPV screening, vaccination, and access to specialised care can dramatically reduce cervical cancer-related mortality.
For continued education on women’s health, preventive screenings, and cancer awareness, explore expert-written resources available on the hospital blog, designed to empower individuals and families with reliable medical information.
Take the First Step Towards Prevention
If you have concerns about cervical health, are due for a screening, or notice unusual symptoms, don’t delay care. Early diagnosis can make all the difference. Contact Dhanashree Hospital today to schedule a consultation, screening test, or diagnostic evaluation with our experienced medical team.
